Which population is particularly vulnerable to the effects of lead exposure?

The correct answer highlights the heightened vulnerability of pregnant women and infants to the effects of lead exposure. This population is particularly at risk because lead exposure can have severe implications for both the mother and the developing fetus. During pregnancy, lead can cross the placental barrier, potentially harming the fetus's neurological and developmental progress, increasing the risk of low birth weight, preterm delivery, and developmental delays.

Infants are also especially susceptible due to their rapid development and growth during the early stages of life. As they explore their environment, they may ingest lead contaminated dust or paint chips, further exacerbating the risks.

In contrast, while school-age children can certainly be affected by lead exposure, their biological systems are slightly more robust compared to those of pregnant women and infants. Similarly, while adults over 50 and teenagers may experience negative health effects from lead exposure, their risks are generally lower than those posed to pregnant women and infants. Therefore, targeting prevention efforts toward pregnant women and infants is crucial in mitigating lead-related health consequences.