What does the term "encapsulation" refer to in lead hazard control?

The term "encapsulation" in lead hazard control refers specifically to applying a barrier over lead-based paint to prevent exposure. This method is utilized when removing lead-based paint is not feasible or when it is determined to be the safest option. By creating a protective layer, encapsulation effectively seals the lead-based paint, preventing lead dust or chips from contaminating the surrounding environment and reducing the risk of lead exposure to inhabitants, especially young children and pregnant women, who are particularly vulnerable to the health effects of lead.

It's important to note that encapsulation serves as a practical solution in scenarios where surface preparation and complete removal would be disruptive or impractical. It is a controlled method that allows for ongoing evaluation of the encapsulated surfaces while maintaining safety.

The other options present methods that do not align with the definition of encapsulation. For instance, removing lead-based paint completely from surfaces involves a different approach that may be more disruptive. Cleansing surfaces with chemical agents refers to cleaning techniques rather than sealing or protecting surfaces. Disposing of lead materials in a landfill is related to waste management practices rather than the technique of encapsulating lead hazards.